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Thoracolumbar Spine Infections

What is Thoracolumbar Spine Infections ?

Thoracolumbar spine infections affect the middle (thoracic) and lower (lumbar) parts of the back. These infections can involve the spinal bones, discs, or surrounding tissues and are usually caused by bacteria, tuberculosis, or rarely fungi.

Common Symptoms:

  • Constant back pain that does not improve with rest
  • Fever, chills, or night sweats
  • Stiffness in the back
  • Weakness, numbness, or difficulty walking in severe cases

Causes of Thoracolumbar Spine Infections

1. Bacterial Infections

  • Most commonly caused by Staphylococcus aureus.
  • Can spread from other infected areas in the body (urinary tract, lungs, skin) through the bloodstream.

2. Tuberculosis (Spinal TB / Pott’s Disease)

  • A major cause in India and developing countries.
  • Tuberculosis bacteria infect the spinal vertebrae and discs, leading to destruction and deformity.

3. Fungal Infections (rare)

  • Seen in patients with weak immunity (HIV, cancer, organ transplant, uncontrolled diabetes).

4. Post-Surgical or Post-Procedural Infections

  • Infections may occur after spine surgery, injections, or invasive medical procedures.

5. Spread from Nearby Infections

  • Infections from abdominal or pelvic regions can sometimes spread to the thoracolumbar spine.

6. Risk Factors Increasing Chances

  • Diabetes, weakened immunity, IV drug use, long-term steroid use, chronic illnesses, or malnutrition.

How Is It Diagnosed?

Doctors may use blood tests, MRI/CT scans, and sometimes a biopsy to confirm the infection and find its exact cause.

Treatment:

  • Medications: Long-term antibiotics or antifungal drugs depending on the cause
  • Bracing & rest: To support the spine during healing
  • Surgery: Required in severe cases to remove infected tissue, stabilize the spine, or relieve nerve compression
The O-arm® O2® Surgical Imaging System is highly beneficial in the surgical management of thoracolumbar spine infections.
  • Detailed Imaging – Offers high-quality 2D and 3D scans for accurate assessment of the infected spinal region.
  • Accurate Localization – Pinpoints the exact site of infection, bone destruction, or abscess formation.
  • Guided Debridement – Assists surgeons in removing infected tissue precisely while protecting healthy structures.
  • Safe Implant Placement – Provides real-time navigation for accurate placement of screws, rods, or implants to stabilize weakened spinal segments.
  • Intraoperative Confirmation – Enables on-the-spot verification of debridement success and correct implant positioning.
  • Enhanced Outcomes – Reduces the risk of complications, nerve injury, and revision surgeries.
Overall, the O-arm® O2® ensures greater precision, safety, and effectiveness in surgeries for thoracolumbar spine infections, supporting better recovery and long-term spinal health.
For any spine-related concerns, feel free to contact Dr. Tarak Patel at Indospine Hospital. To book an appointment or for more information, call us at +91 99090 44981.

Frequently Ask Questions

1.Can thoracolumbar spine infections be prevented?
Maintaining good hygiene, controlling diabetes, boosting immunity, and proper care after spinal surgeries can reduce the risk.
They are usually caused by bacteria (most commonly Staphylococcus aureus) spreading from another part of the body through the bloodstream, after surgery, or due to weakened immunity.
Treatment typically includes long-term antibiotics or antifungal medications, pain management, and in some cases, surgery to remove infected tissue, stabilize the spine, and relieve pressure on nerves.
Surgery is recommended when there is spinal instability, severe pain not relieved with medications, abscess formation, or neurological complications like weakness or paralysis.
If detected early, it can be treated successfully. But if ignored, it can cause permanent damage to nerves, paralysis, or spread infection to other organs. That’s why timely treatment is very important.

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Dr.Tarak Patel- Thoracolumbar Spine Infections treatment specialist in Ahmedabad

At Indospine Hospital, under the leadership of Dr. Tarak Patel, we provide specialized care for thoracolumbar spine infections by combining advanced medical technology with compassionate treatment. From precise diagnosis to expert surgical intervention and tailored rehabilitation, our team is dedicated to delivering the highest standards of care. With Dr. Tarak Patel’s expertise and commitment, Indospine Hospital strives to restore spinal health, mobility, and overall quality of life for every patient.
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